TYPE CASTING: ============= ==> ALSO CALLED AS "TYPE CONVERSION" ==> CONVERTING THE PRIMITIVE DATA TO ANOTHER PRIMITIVE TYPE OF THE DATA. ==> TWO TYPES: 1) IMPLICIT TYPE CASTING/AUTOMATIC TYPE CASTING 2) EXPLICIT TYPE CASTING 1) IMPLICIT TYPE CASTING/AUTOMATIC TYPE CASTING ================================================ Based on the type of inputs and operator, the JS compiler can automatically perform conversion is called as "Automatic Type Casting". console.log(typeof ("JavaScript" + 123)); let a = 'JavaScript'; var b = 123; let c = "Java"+b console.log(a+b); console.log(c); 2) EXPLICIT TYPE CASTING ========================= Number() ======= var a = "123"; var b = "123.123"; var c = "abcd"; var d = 123.234; var e = true; // Number() console.log(typeof a); console.log(typeof b); console.log(typeof c); console.log(typeof Number(a)); console.log(typeof Number(b)); console.log(typeof Number(c)); console.log(Number(d)); console.log(Number(e)); =========================================== parsetInt() =========== var a = "123"; var b = "123.123"; var c = "abcd"; var d = 123.234; var e = true; // parseInt() console.log(typeof parseInt(a)); console.log(typeof parseInt(b)); console.log(parseInt(c)); console.log(typeof parseInt(d)); console.log(typeof parseInt(e)); parseFloat() String() Boolean() console.log(typeof String(123)); console.log(typeof String(true)); console.log(Boolean(-123)) console.log(Boolean(123.123)) console.log(Boolean(0.0000)) console.log(typeof Boolean('')) console.log(Boolean('123')) ======================================================== Why back tick for strings? ===========================