DICTIONARY OPERATIONS:
=======================
DICTIONARY ALIASING
====================
WHEN WE CREATE A COLLECTION FROM ANOTHER COLLECTION USING '='
AFTER THAT:
	A CHANGE ON ONE COLLECTION 
		WILL REFLECT ANOTHER COLLECTION
THIS PHENOMENA IS CALLED AS "ALIASING".


OPERATOR1   =	OPERATOR2
	   USER
CALL FOR 3MIN	CALL FOR 3MIN
VIDEO CALL	VIDOE CALL

# Dictionary Aliasing

d = eval(input("Enter a dictionary:"))
dc = d  # from d there is a new dictionary is created

print(id(d));print(id(dc))
print(d);print(dc)

d['papaya'] = 600
dc['cherry'] = 1000

print(id(d));print(id(dc))
print(d);print(dc)

============================================
Dictionary Cloning
==================
copying

we can create a dictionary from another dictionary by performing copy operation
after that:
	the change on one dictionary
		will not reflect on another.

copy()
=====
is an inbuilt method
	which we can use to copy the data of one dictionary to another dictionary.
Syntax:
	new-dict = old-dict.copy()

d = eval(input("Enter a dictionary:"))

dc = d.copy()

print(id(d));print(id(dc))
print(d);print(dc)

d['e'] = 12345
dc['a'] = 9779

print(id(d));print(id(dc))
print(d);print(dc)

=================================================
Accessing of only Keys from the dictionary:
===========================================
# WAP TO CREATE THE DICTIONARY AND PRINT ALL THE KEYS IN A DICTIONARY.

d = eval(input("Enter a dictionary:"))

print("All Keys in the dictionary are:")

for keys in d:
    print(keys,end = "\t")
print()

=======================
keys()
======
==> an inbuilt method, which we can use to access only the keys of the dictionary
Syntax:
	dict-name.keys()

d = {'apple' : 100, 'banana' : 150, 'cherry' : 200, 'papaya' : 250}

print("The Dictionary Keys are:")
print(d.keys())

for key in d.keys():
    print(key,end = "\t")
print()

==========================================================

Accessing of only values from the dictionary:
==============================================
values():
=========
is an inbuilt method, which we can use to access only the values from the dictionary.
Syntax:
	dict-name.values()

# WAP TO DEFINE A DICTIONARY AND PRINT ONLY THE VALUES OF THE DICTIONARY.

d = {'a' : 11, 'b' : True, 'c' : 1-2j, 'd' : 0b11001,'e' : 'python'}

print("The Values of the dictionary are:")

for v in d:
    print(d[v],end = "\t")
print()

print(d.values())

for val in d.values():
    print(val,end = "\t")

==========================================================

Accessing of items from the dictionary:
=========================================
item ==> an arbitrary of the dictionary
	key:value

d = {'a' : 1, 'ab' : 11, 'abc' : 111, 'abcd' : 1111}

for k in d:
    res = (k,d[k])
    print(res,",",end = "")
print()

items()
=======
is an inbuilt method, which we can use to access an arbitrary of the dictionary.
Syntax:
	dict-name.items()

d = {'a' : 1, 'ab' : 11, 'abc' : 111, 'abcd' : 1111}

print(d.items())

for k,v in d.items():
    res = (k,v)
    print(res,",",end = "")

==============================================

Comprehensions
===============
it is very easy and compact way of creating collections from any iterable objects like: list, tuple, set, dict, range() based on some conditions.

Syntax:
	object-name = [condition for lv in iterable-object]
	object-name = {condition for lv in iterable-object}
	object-name = {key:condition for value for key in iterablae-object}

# creation of list using iteration
a = list()
for i in range(1,100):
    if i % 9 == 0:
        a.append(i)
print(a)

# List Comprehension

b = [x * x for x in range(1,11)]
c = [j * 6 for j in (1,3,5,7,9)]

print(b);print(c)
print(type(b))

# Tuple Comprehension ==> Not possible in python

d = (y % 2 for y in {11,12,13,14,15,16})
print(d);print(type(d))

# Set Comprehension
e = {z % 3 for z in range(10)}
print(type(e));print(e)

# Dictionary Comprehension
f = {p : p**3 for p in range(6)}
print(type(f));print(f)