Type Conversion in NumPy:
========================
two types:
	1) Internal Type Conversion/Implicit Type Conversion
	=====================================================

import numpy
a = numpy.array([1,2,3,4,5,6],dtype = 'c8')

print("The Type of array = ",a.dtype)

	2) External Type Conversion/Explicit Type Conversion
	====================================================
		1) astype()
		2) cast() functions
1) astype()
===========
	==> a built-in method in numpy
		which we can use for the external type conversion
	Syntax:
		source_array_name.astype(numpy.datatype)

import numpy as np

# creating the array with unsigned integer 32 bit representation

# a = np.array([1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25],dtype = np.uint32)
a = np.array([1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19,21,23,25],dtype = 'u4')

print("The Type of the given array definition is = ",a.dtype)

# Type conversion from Unsigned integer to signed integer 64-bits

a_s_int = a.astype(np.int64)

print("The Type of the above definition is = ",a_s_int.dtype)

# Unsigned Integer to float 32-bit

a_float = a.astype('f4')

print("The Type of the above definition is = ",a_float.dtype)

# Signed Integer ==> complex 128-bit

a_complex = a_s_int.astype('c16')

print("The Type of the above definition is = ",a_complex.dtype)

# Floating ===> Boolean
a_bool = a_float.astype('b1')

print("The Type of the above definition is = ",a_bool.dtype)

===================================================================
Cast functions:
===============

Syntax:
	numpy.cast(s-array)

int8() ==> any array to signed 8-bit integer array
int16() ==> any array to signed 16-bit integer array
int32() ==> any array to signed 32-bit integer array
int64() ==> any array to signed 64-bit integer array

uint8() ==> any array to unsigned 8-bit integer array
uint16() ==> to unsigned 16-bit integer array
uint32() ==> to unsigned 32-bit integer array
uint64() ==> to unsigned 64-bit integer array

float32()
float64()

complex64()
complex128()

import numpy as np

a = np.array([1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15])

print("The Type of defined array = ",a.dtype)

# integer 32-bit array ==> unsigned integer 64-bit
a_u = np.uint64(a)

print("Type = ",a_u.dtype)

# signed integer ==> complex64
a_c = np.complex64(a)

print("Type = ",a_c.dtype)

# unsigned integer ==> float
a_u_f = np.float16(a_u)

print("Type = ",a_u_f.dtype)

a_bool = np.bool_(a)

print("Type = ",a_bool.dtype)