FORMAT SPECIFIER
	==> SYMBOL
		MACHINES CAN READ THE TYPE OF THE DATA.
	==> %

INTEGER ==> %d
FLOAT ==> %f
CHARACTER ==> %c

% ==> make print the data in the specified format
%s ==> %(a,b,c)

true, false ==> java
	true ==> never be 1
	false ==> never be 0

True, False ==> Python

if, else
True ==> 1 (int)
False

OPERATORS
===========
statement
========
	==> a line of python code
	==> with or without ending semi-colon

program:
=======
	==> group of statements
expression
========
	==> the joining of operand and operator
	Ex: 123 * 2
	a = int(input())
block
====
	==> group of one or more than one statement ==> block
	In java:
		block of code{
			int a = 100;
			float f = 21.23f;
		}
	In Python:
		block of code ==> indentation

print("Hello")

a = 97
b = 79

if a > b:
    big = a
    print("Biggest number = ",big)
else:
    big = b
    print("Biggest number = ",big)

operand
======

a = int(input("Enter an Integer:")) 97
b = int(input("Enter an Integer:")) 79

print("The Sum is = ", a + b)

a + b ==> 97 + 79 ==> 176

==> a data on which we can define an operation called as "operand"
==> an operand is a data/variable

operator
======
==> a symbol
	which is used to specify the type of operation.
sum ==> +
subtraction ==> -
multiplication ==> *

ex: a+b ==> a and b ==> operands
	+ ==> operator

types of operators
==============
==> categorised into three types:
	1) Unary operators ==> always be defined with single operand
		ex: logical not operator, bitwise complement, unary minus etc.
		==> not a ==> logical not
		==> ~a ==> bitwise complement
		==> -a ==> unary minus

	2) Binary Operators ==> always be used with two operands
		ex: 97 + 79, 9 / 2, 97 > 79 etc.

	3) Ternary Operators ==> used with three operands
		also called as "conditional operator"
		Syntax:
			result = part-1 if condition else part-2

ex:
a = 100
b = 200
c = 300

big = a if a > b and a > c b elif b > a and b > c else c

==> big = 100 > 200 else 200
==> big = 200

==> based on the number of operands
	
Operator classification
=================
==> based on the type of the operation:
	the operators are classified into:
	1) Arithmetic operators
	2) Assignment operator
	3) Compound Operator
	4) Relational Operators
	5) Logical Operators
	6) Bitwise Operators
	7) Conditional Operators
	8) Special Operators

1) Arithmetic operators
=================
Unary Minus ==> - ==> to change the sign of the data.
plus ==> + ==> addition
minus ==> - ==> subtraction
asterisk ==> * ==> multiplication
three division operators:
	normal division ==> backslash ==> / ==> return quotient in float
	floor division ==> double backslash ==> // ==> return quotient int
	modulo division ==> percentage ==> % ==> return a remainder
Power Operator ==> double asterisk ==> **
Ex: 2^3 ==> 2 ** 3 ==> 8

print(10 + 20)
print(10 - 20)
print(10 * 20)
print(10/20)
print(10//20)
print(10 % 20)
print(10 ** 20)

a = -10
print(a)
print(-a)

==============================

2) Assignment operator
==================
==> =
==> used to assign a value to the expression/variable.
Ex: a+b = 10
a = 100
Syntax:
	expression/variable = value

3) Compound Operator
==================
==> when we can join other operators with assignment operator ==> compound operator
Ex: +=, -=, *=, /=,//=,%=, **=
&=,|= etc.

a = 1
a = a + 10 ==> 11
a += 10 ==> 1 + 10 ==> 11

a = 10

print(a)

# a = a + 10
a += 10
print(a)

# a = a - 5
a -= 5
print(a)

# a = a * 2
a *= 2
print(a)

# a = a & 2
a &= 2
print(a)