STRING OPERATIONS
==================
REMOVAL OF SPACE FROM THE STRING
==================================
"PYTHON  PROGRAMMING" ==> SPACE NEVER REMOVED WHEN THE SPACE IN BETWEEN THE GIVEN DATA
"   PYTHON"
"PYTHON   "
"    PYTHON    "
==> REMOVAL OF SPACE FROM THE STRING IS POSSIBLE, WHEN THE STRING HAVE SPACES AT THE BEGINNING OR AT THE ENDING OR BOTH

==> THREE INBUILT METHODS:
	1) strip()
	2) rstrip()
	3) lstrip()

1) strip()
=======
Syntax:
	str_object.strip()
==> we can remove all the spaces of the strings from beginning and from the ending

2) rstrip()
=======
==> strip operation in right side
Syntax:
	str_object.rstrip()
==> we can remove all the spaces of the string from right side only (ending)

3) lstrip()
=======
==> strip operation from left side of the string data
Syntax:
	str_obj.lstrip()

str1 = "Python Programming"
str2 = "    Python"
str3 = "Python     "
str4 = "      Python     "

print("The Given Strings are:")
print(str1)
print(str2)
print(str3)
print(str4)

str5 = str1.strip()
str6 = str2.strip()
str7 = str3.strip()
str8 = str4.strip()
str9 = str2.rstrip()
str10 = str3.rstrip()
str11 = str4.rstrip()
str12 = str2.lstrip()
str13 = str3.lstrip()
str14 = str4.lstrip()

# After the Strip operation
print("The Strings are:")
print(str5)
print(str6)
print(str7)
print(str8)
print(str9)
print(str10)
print(str11)
print(str12)
print(str13)
print(str14)

=================================================

Finding of Substrings
================
1) In forward direction:
=================
	left to right
	==> two inbuilt methods:
		1) find()
		2) index()
		Here:
			both methods can return: index value of the sub-string

1) find()
======
Syntax:
	str_object.find('sub-string')
==> when the sub-string is at multiple places, find() can return the first occurrence
==> when the sub-string is not the part of the string, find() can return '-1'
==> using find(), we can search about the sub-string from the given range.
==> when we defined the sub-string with more than one character, find() returns: the index of First character of the sub-string only.

str_data = "Python Programming"

# finding of single character
res1 = str_data.find('P')
res2 = str_data.find('b')

print(res1)
print(res2)

# finding the sub-string from the given range

res3 = str_data.find('m',1,10)
res4 = str_data.find('m',5,15)

print(res3)
print(res4)

# sub-string with more than one character

res5 = str_data.find('pro')
res6 = str_data.find('Pro')

print(res5)
print(res6)

===============================

2) index()
=======
Syntax:
	str_data.index('sub-string')
==> when the sub-string is at multiple places, index() can return the first occurrence
==> when the sub-string is not the part of the string, index() can return 'value error'
==> using find(), we can search about the sub-string from the given range.
==> when we defined the sub-string with more than one character, index() returns: the index of First character of the sub-string only.

str_data = "Python Programming"


res1 = str_data.index('m')
# res2 = str_data.index("b")
res2 = str_data.index('m',5,15)
res3 = str_data.index("Program")

print(res1)
print(res2)
print(res3)

find() Vs index()
=============
find() can return '-1', when the sub-string is not present in the given string data.
index() can return 'value error', when the sub-string is not present in the given string data.

======================================

2) in reverse direction:
=================
==> two inbuilt methods:
	1) rfind()
	2) rindex()
Syntax:
	str_data.rfind('sub-string')
	str_data.rindex('sub-string')

str_data = "Object Oriented Programming Language"

print(str_data.rfind('O',1,10))
print(str_data.rfind('m'))
print(str_data.rfind('MN'))

print(str_data.rindex('O',1,10))
print(str_data.rindex('m'))
print(str_data.rindex('MN'))

========================================

# WAP IN PYTHON TO DISPLAY ALL POSITIONS OF THE SUB-STRING IN A GIVEN MAIN STRING.

data = input("Enter a string:")
subs = input("Enter a sub-string:")

flag = False
length = len(data)
pos = -1

while True:
    pos = data.find(subs, pos + 1, length)

    if pos == -1:
        break
    print("The Character at:", pos)
    flag = True

if not flag:
    print("The Given sub-string is not found in a main string.")

======================================================

Counting of number occurrences of the given sub-string in the main string
=========================================================
count()
=====
Syntax:
	str_data.count('sub-string')
	str_data.count('sub-string',start,stop)

str_data = "object oriented programming language"

print("The Total occurrence of \'o\' is = ",str_data.count('o'))
print("The Total occurrence of \'r\' is = ",str_data.count('r'))
print("The Total occurrence of \'o\' is = ",str_data.count('o',0,15))

=======================================

Assignment:
==========
1) WAP TO COUNT THE NUMBER OF OCCURRENCES OF ALL THE CHARACTERS OF THE GIVEN STRING.
EX:
"PYTHON PROGRAMMING"
EXP_OUTPUT:
===========
	P ==> 2
	Y ==> 1
	T ==> 1