ARGUMENTS:
==========

==> also called as "parameters".
which are used to represent the data for the functions.

# function definition
def addition(a, b):	# function header
	sum = a+b	# function body
	print(sum)

addition(100,200)	# function call

here:
	addition ==> function name
	a and b ==> arguments

function without data:
	
def addition():
	a = 100
	b = 200
	sum = a+b
	print(sum)

==> two types of arguments:
	1) Formal Arguments:
		are always define in function header (in the function definition).
		these are always accept the data from function call.

	2) Actual Arguments:
		are always define in function call
		actual arguments can give data to formal arguments.

=====================================

Types of Arguments:
===================
==> four types:
	1) Positional Arguments
	2) Keyword Arguments
	3) Default Arguments
	4) Variable Length Arguments

1) Positional Arguments
=======================
def fun1(x, y):
	diff = x - y
	print(diff)

# function call
fun1(10,20)	# -10
fun1(20,10)	# 10

# Positional Arguments

# WAP TO CREATE THE FUNCTION TO CHECK WHETHER THE GIVEN THREE SIDES FORM A RIGHT ANGLED TRIANGLE OR NOT.

"""
side ** 2 + side ** 2 == hyp ** 2
"""

def checkTriangle(a,b,c):
    if (a ** 2 + b ** 2 == c ** 2) or (b ** 2 + c ** 2 == a ** 2) or (a ** 2 + c ** 2 == b ** 2):
        print("It is a Right Angled Triangle.")
    else:
        print("It is not a Right Angled Triangle.")

checkTriangle(7,8,9)
checkTriangle(3,4,5)
checkTriangle(5,3,4)    # positional arguments

===========================================
2) Keyword Arguments
====================
the arguments can pass to the function with some names are called as "keyword arguments".

def fun1(a, b, c):
	sum = a + b + c
	print(sum)

fun1(a = 100, c = 300, b = 200)
fun1(c = 100, a = 300, b = 400)

# WAP TO CREATE THE FUNCTION TO CALCULATE THE SIMPLE INTEREST.

"""
SI = principle * rate * time / 100;
"""

def simpleInterest(principle, time, rate):
    SI = (principle * time * rate)/100
    total_amount = principle + SI
    print("The Total Amount = ",total_amount)

# simpleInterest(500000,4,3)
# simpleInterest(principle = 500000, rate = 4.5, time = 3)    # keyword arguments

p = int(input("Enter the principle Amount:"))
t = float(input("Enter the time:"))
r = float(input("Enter a rate:"))

simpleInterest(rate = r, principle = p, time = t)
===================================================

3) Default Arguments
====================

def fun1(a = 0, b = 1):
	sum = a + b
	print(sum)

fun1()	# 1
fun1(100)	# 101
fun1(100,200)	# 300	

def fun1(x = 0,y = 1,z = 2):
    product = x * y * z
    print(product)

fun1()  # function call without parameters
fun1(10)    # function call with one parameter
fun1(10,20) # function with two parameters
fun1(10,20,30)

==============================================
Variable Length Arguments:
==========================

def calculator(*n): # *n ==> act as tuple
    s = 0
    for i in n:
        s += i  # 10 30 60 100 150 210

    print(s)    # 10

calculator()    # 0 parameters ()
calculator(10)  # 1 parameter (10,)
calculator(10,20,30,40,50,60)   # (10,20,30,40,50,60)

===============================================