PYTHON DATATYPES:
==================
Datatype ==> Type of data
	==> In how many forms the data in program we can define
==> Classified into two types:
	1) Primitive Datatypes/Fundamental Datatypes
	2) Non-Primitive Datatypes/Sequence Datatypes

1) Primitive Datatypes/Fundamental Datatypes
============================================
	total 4-primitive datatypes:
		1) Numerical type
			Integer : Built-in Class: int
			Float : float
			Complex : complex
		2) Non-Numerical
			Boolean : bool

type()

Integer 
========
class : int
==> four ways to define the int data:
	1) Decimal Data
	================
		==> any general number is a decimal
		ex: 123, 100, 10234 etc. ==> decimal
		==> are always able to define with total 10-literals (0 to 9)	
		ex: 12,34,56,789
		==> also called as "base-10" number

	2) Binary Data
	==============
		==> always able to define with only two literals:
			0 and 1
		==> also called as "base-2" number.
		ex: 10101, 100110 etc. ==> decimal
		==> to define the binary,
			we should prefix number with "0b" or "0B".
		ex: 0b10101, 0B100110 ==> Binary

	3) Octal Data
	==============
		==> always be define with total 8-literals (0 to 7)
		==> can always prefix with: '0o' or '0O'
		ex: 120376, 117765 ==> decimal
		0o120376, 0O117765 ==> octal

	4) Hexadecimal Data	
	====================
		==> possible to define with digits and alphabets also.
		==> the total of 16-characters we can use to define hexadecimal data
			0 to 9 and a to f
		==> also called as "base-16" number
		==> also called as "alpha numeric" number.
		==> can always prefix with '0x' or '0X'.
		ex: 0x1122, 0XAF123 etc.

# decimal data representation
a = 1993
b = 100
c = -123

# Binary data representation
d = 0b11001
e = 0B10101 # binary
f = 10011001    # decimal
# g = 0B123

# print() ==> by default able to print only the decimals
# Octal Data representation
g = 0o1122
h = 0O1234
i = 1234

# Hexadecimal data representation
j = 0Xaf1122
k = 0x1122

print(type(a))
print(type(b))
print(type(c))
print(type(d))
print(type(e))
print(type(g))
print(type(h))
print(type(j))
print(type(k))

print(d)
print(e)
print(f)
print(g)
print(h)
print(i)

=============================================
Base Conversions:
==================
Decimal ==> binary
binary ==> decimal etc.

bin()
oct()
hex()

Octal Table:
===========
0 ==> 000
1 ==> 001
2 ==> 010
3 ==> 011
4 ==> 100
5 ==> 101
6 ==> 110
7 ==> 111

Hexadecimal Table:
==================
0 ==> 0000
1 ==> 0001
2 ==> 0010
3 ==> 0011
4 ==> 0100
5 ==> 0101
6 ==> 0110
7 ==> 0111
8 ==> 1000
9 ==> 1001
a/A==> 10 ==> 1010
b/B==> 11 ==> 1011
c/C ==> 12 ==> 1100
d/D ==> 13 ==> 1101
e/E ==> 14 ==> 1110
f/F ==> 15 ==> 1111

bin()
=====
# binary conversion
# bin() ==> can convert any base value (10/8/16) into base-2 (binary)
# Syntax:
#   bin(any base value)

# decimal to binary
a = 100 # decimal
print(bin(a))

# Octal number to binary
b = 0o121
print(bin(b))

# Hexadecimal to Binary
c = 0x1212
print(bin(c))

=======================================
Assignment:
==========
WAP to find the binary for given data:
	1223
	0o11223
	0XAF179