IO Operations:
==============
IO ==> Input and Output

Input ==> taking/reading ==> input()
Output ==> giving/writing ==> print()

input():
=======
Syntax:
	identifier = input("provide some text to display on the console")

a = input("Enter some value for a:")
b = input("Enter some value for a:")

print(a)
print(b)

==> input() can always read any value only in the format of "text (string)".

a = input("Enter some value for a:")
b = input("Enter some value for a:")

print(a)
print(b)

print(type(a))
print(type(b))

Output:
=======
Enter some value for a:12-23j
Enter some value for a:123.45
12-23j
123.45
<class 'str'>
<class 'str'>

==> To read any value with its corresponding format:
	we need to do the type conversion/type casting to the input().

Type Casting:
=============
==> also called as "Type conversion".
==> the data from one form to another form conversion is called as "Type conversion".
==> two ways for type casting:
	1) Automatic type casting/Implicit Type casting
	================================================

a = 100
b = 123
c = 0


print(type(a))
print(type(b))
print(type(c))
print("==============")
c = b/a

print(c)
print(type(c))

	==> based on the operation, the computer can automatically convert the data.

	2) Explicit type casting
	========================
	==> based on the requirement, the programmer/user can define the conversion.
	==> pre-defined/inbuilt functions:
		1) int()
		2) float()
		3) complex()
		4) bool()
		5) str()
		6) bin()
		7) oct()
		8) hex()

1) int()
=========
1) can use to convert a binary value to decimal.