STRING HANDLING
================
what is string?
===============
	Collection/group of characters which are enclosed with double quotes ("").

Difference between strings in C and Java:
=========================================
Array: Collection of similar data items
	char a[] = {'a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u'};

"Hello" = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o'};
In C":
"Hello" = {'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', '\0'};

==> In C programming language, the string can always end with null character (\0). Whereas in Java, the string never end with null character because the string definition in java act as an object.

Why Strings?
============
int a = Scanner_Object.nextInt();


Scanner class

import java.util.Scanner;
main()
{
	Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
	System.out.println("Enter a number");
	int a = sc.nextInt();
}

Internally:
	String a = sc.nextLine();
	int b = Integer.parseInt(a);

int a = sc.nextInt();
	a = variable if type "int"
	sc = Scanner object
	nextInt() = method
		to convert the string data into integer

int	==> Integer
float 	==> Float
double	==> Double
char	==> Character
		Wrapper classes

Wrapping
========
	Converting the string data into primitive data
	String => int
	String ==> Float  etc

Type casting
============
	Converting of primitive data to another primitive data
	int ==> float
	
Boxing
======
	Converting the primitive data to reference type
Unboxing
=======
	Converting the reference type to primitive type

Note:
	Java ==> automatic boxing
9/7 ==> 1
1.222

======================
How to define the strings in Java?
==================================
Strings can be defined in two ways:
	1) String literal
	2) String Object

String Literal:
===============
Syntax:
	String variable_name = "String_value";

String Object:
==============
Syntax:
	String variable_name = new String("String-value");

class Strings{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        // string literal form
        String s1 = "Hello";
        
        // string object
        String s2 = new String("Ashok IT");
        
        System.out.println("String1 = "+s1);
        System.out.println("String2 = "+s2);
    }
}

==============================
What is the difference between String literal and String object?
================================================================
==> If the string can define in string literal format:
	the string object value can store in SCP (String Constant Pool) of JVM Memory. 

==> If the string can define in string object format:
	the string object value can store in heap memory.

=================================
==> String is a built-in class in java
==> String class in java have defined in a built-in and automatic imported package:
	"java.lang"