Accessing the String Character based on the Index:
==================================================
charAt():
========
==> which can accept an index value as parameter/argument
and return a character at that index.
Syntax:
	string-object.charAt(Index Value)

StringIndexOutOfBoundsException
===============================
when we can use the index which is from the outside the range to access the characters of the given string, we can get "StringIndexOutOfBoundsException".

class CharacterAccess{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        String s1 = "Hello Java";
        
        System.out.println("The Total number iof characters = "+s1.length());
        
        System.out.println("The Character from the string = "+s1.charAt(5));
        System.out.println("The Character from the string = "+s1.charAt(8));
        // System.out.println("The Character from the string = "+s1.charAt(10));
    }
}

=======================================
// WAP TO ACCESS ALL THE CHARACTERS OF THE GIVEN STRING INCLUDING THE INDEX VALUE.
/* 
CHARACTER AT AN INDEX 0 = R
*/
class StringLooping{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        String s1 = new String("Hello");
        System.out.println("The Charcaters of the string are:");
        for(int index = 0;index < s1.length();++index)
        {
            System.out.println("Character at an index "+index+" is = "+s1.charAt(index));
        }
    }
}
=========================================
Conversion of string into an array:
===================================
split():
=======
	Syntax:
		string-object.split("Separator");

class StringToArra{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        String s1 = "Java is high level programming langauge";
        String s2 = "05-11-2024";
        
        String[] arr = s1.split(" ");
        String[] a1 = s2.split("-");
        
        // space ==> \\s
        // integer ==> \\d
        
        for(String s:arr)
        {
            System.out.println(s);
        }
        for(String i:a1)
        {
            System.out.println(i);
        }
    }
}
==============================================
Array To String Conversion:
===========================
{"22","11","2024"};
"22-11-2024"
"22.11.2024"
"22/11/2024"

join():
======
	Syntax:
		String.join("separator",array_name)
==> we required to join members of the array into string by considering the separator.

class ArrayToString{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        String x[] = {"Java","is","high","level","programming","langauge"};
        String[] y = {"05","11","2024"};
        
        String s1 = String.join(" ",x);
        String s2 = String.join("-",y);
        
        System.out.println("String s1 = "+s1);
        System.out.println("String s2 = "+s2);
    }
}
============================================
indexOf():
==========
	==> can accept a character of the string 
	==> returns the first occurring index value.

"hello"
'l' ==> 2,3
Syntax:
	string-object.indexOf(character);

	String-object.indexOf(character, s-index)

lastIndexOf():
=============
	==> can accept the character of the string
	==> returns the last occurring index value.
	Syntax:
		string-object.lastIndexOf(character)

class StringIndex{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        String s1 = "hello";
        System.out.println(s1.indexOf('l'));
        System.out.println(s1.indexOf('o'));
        
        System.out.println(s1.lastIndexOf('l'));
    }
}
==================================

class StringIndex{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        String s1 = "Java is High Level Programming Langauge"; // 1, 3, 24, 32, 35
        
        System.out.println(s1.indexOf('a',2));
        System.out.println(s1.indexOf('a',20));
    }
}
=================================================
String Replacement:
===================
"Java is High-Level Programming language"

"High-Level" ==> "Object-Oriented"

"Java is Object-Oriented Programming Language".

1) replace()
2) replaceFirst()
3) replaceAll()

1) replace()
============
Syntax:
	String-object.replace(old-character, new-character)

class StringReplacement{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        String s1 = "hello world";
        String s2 = s1.replace('l','s');
        
        System.out.println(s1);
        System.out.println(s2);
    }
}

Syntax:
	str-object.replace(old-string, new-string)

class StringReplacement{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        String s1 = "Java is High-Level Programming Language";
        
        System.out.println(s1);
        
        String s2 = s1.replace("High-Level","Object-Oriented");
        
        System.out.println(s2);
    }
}

2) replaceFirst()
==================
Syntax:
	str-object.replaceFirst(old-string, new-string);

class StringReplacement{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        String s1 = "cat is walking on wall, cat is Jumping to another wall.";
        String s2 = s1.replace("cat","Monkey");
        String s3 = s1.replaceFirst("cat","Dog");
        // String s4 = s1.replaceFirst('a','A');
        
        System.out.println(s1);
        System.out.println(s2);
        System.out.println(s3);
    }
}
=====================================
3) replaceAll()
==============
Syntax:
	String-object.replaceAll(old-string, new-string)

class StringReplacement{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        String s1 = "Hello";
        // String s2 = s1.replaceAll('l','L');
        String s2 = s1.replaceAll("l","L");
        
        System.out.println(s1);
        System.out.println(s2);
        
    }
}